The Federation of American Scientists have a very interesting map for all the hypochondriac and people living in permanent fear of a deadly virus epidemic . Or a zombie outbreak . These are all the ( known ) Biosafety Level 3 and 4 facility in the mankind — high containment laboratories that make for with “ life-threatening and come forth pathogen . ” Zoom in the image to see if there ’s any near you .
But what do raze 3 and 4 exactly intend ?
BSL-3, Biosafety Level 3
This is the 2nd most dangerous type of pathogen research facility .
According to the FAS , stratum 3 adroitness are “ applicable to clinical , diagnostic , teaching , and inquiry or production facilities involving indigenous or exotic strains of agent which may have serious or potentially lethal disease as a resultant role of vulnerability by inhalation ” like those associated with most biological warfare agent .
The scientists working in these facilities have to either falsify these viruses or bacterias alone using “ biologic safety cabinets ” or assume “ protective vesture and equipment . ”
These kind of laboratories should comply with special engine room and purpose requirements , include a “ ducted exhaust air ventilation system [ that ] creates guiding air flow that draws air from “ clean ” field toward “ contaminated ” expanse . ”
The air from this ventilation organisation is discharged out of doors of the building after going through a “ High Efficiency Particulate Air - strain exhaust fumes air . ” This filter removes “ 99.97 % of all particles that are 0.3 micrometer or bigger in size , which mean that all microbial agent will be trap in the filter . ”
BSL-4, Biosafety Level 4
This is the most dangerous character of pathogen research facility , the variety of structure you see in picture like Outbreak . This tier of safety is required to knead with “ dangerous and exotic agent which pose a high individual risk of life - threatening disease . ”
These high containment laboratories have to in their own building or in an area completely sequestrate from the construction that domiciliate it . That means that “ walls , floors , and ceiling of the quickness are constructed to take shape a sealed intimate shell which facilitates fumigation and is animal and insect proof . ” These are the rest of the prerequisite :
• A dedicated non - recirculating ventilation organisation is provide . The supply and exhaust components of the system of rules are balanced to ensure directional airflow from the area of least hazard to the area(s ) of greatest potential hazard .
• Within work expanse of the facility , all bodily process are confined to Class III biologic safety cabinets , or Class II biological prophylactic cabinets used with one - piece positive imperativeness force cause vent by a life support organisation .
• The Biosafety Level 4 testing ground has special technology and design features to keep microorganism from being disseminated into the environs .
• personnel office enter and leave alone the facility only through the wearable modification and shower rooms , and shower each time they leave the facility .
• Personal clothing is remove in the knocked out vesture variety room and kept there .
• A peculiarly design wooing surface area may be supply in the installation to furnish personnel department protection tantamount to that supply by Class III cabinets .
• The exhaust air from the wooing area is filtered by two lot of HEPA filters installed in serial publication .
• Supplies and materials needed in the facility are brought in by agency of double - doored steriliser , fumigation chamber , or airlock , which is fitly decontaminate between each enjoyment .
Why so many refuge measure , you ask ? Simple answer . These are the typical tiny monsters that are usually rig in level 4 facility :
•Crimean - Congo hemorrhagic febricity
•Ebola
•Junin
•Lassa febrility
•Machupo
•Marburg
•Avian grippe
• and tick - borne encephalitis virus complex ( include Absettarov , Hanzalova , Hypr , Kumlinge , Kyasanur Forest disease , Omsk hemorrhagic fever , and Russian Spring - Summer encephalitis ) .
Research at level 4 facility must be such a non - stressing job !
If you want to zoom in even more , the FAS has an interactive mapping here : [ FAS ]
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