1800 miles underground lies a cryptical geographical zone between the Earth ’s curtain and core . Nobody is quite sure what ’s down there , but unexampled grounds suggests the expanse reaches temperatures of 7000 degree Fahrenheit , meaning it could be a Brobdingnagian magma ocean .
Geophysicists have a pretty salutary grip on the Earth ’s overall internal composition . At the mall , there ’s a core made of fluid iron , and above that is a hearty mantle composed of iron , atomic number 14 , and Mg oxides . But we ’re still struggling to work out just what consist at the boundary between these two areas . We lie with the insistence there is about 1.4 million times that of the surface atmosphere , and it must strive temperatures around 7000 degrees Fahrenheit , or about 4200 Kelvin . But what that mean for the chemical reactions and changes in matter that happen down there is a mystery story .
However , a phenomenon known as seismic waves provides some insight . These are immense waves of energy that pass through the Earth ’s Interior Department , and they can help us work out the concentration and authorship of the region they ’re traveling through . Scientists have detected a massive reduction in the speed of these waves right around the perimeter between the mantle and the core . That has led scientists to hypothesize there ’s a huge magma ocean create by the fond thaw of the mantle .
Now , fifteen year after this idea was first put forth , we have proof . Using diamond anvil cells , geophysicist can recreate the unimaginable pressure of the blanket - core boundary line , and a particular heating layer can recreate the utmost temperature . Gallic researchers subjected tiny representative samples of the mantle to these consideration .
They find out the mantle really undergo partial coalition under these condition , and this process creates dense liquids that can have a number of chemical element . That ’s strong evidence in favour of a magma sea , and that last bit about chemical substance element is specially exciting . get it on what elements are in the magma sea could aid us better understand the underlie mechanisms of how Earths ’ different layers separated out , which was a all important part of its formation 4.5 billion yr ago .
[ ScienceviaESRF ]
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